The future and current situation of infrared optical materials-Industry News -Shenzhen Runzhihui Industrial Co., Ltd.

The future and current situation of infrared optical materials

2021-06-26(537)Views

Infrared optical materials refer to a class of materials used to manufacture lenses, prisms, windows, filters, fairings, etc. in infrared imaging and guidance technology.

Infrared optical materials refer to a class of materials used to manufacture lenses, prisms, windows, filters, fairings, etc. in infrared imaging and guidance technology. These materials have physical and chemical properties that meet the needs, that is, the main indicators are: good infrared transparency and a wide projection band. Generally speaking, the transmission band and transmittance of infrared optical materials are closely related to the internal structure of the material, especially the energy level structure and chemical bonds.

For example, for crystalline materials, the short-wave absorption limit mainly depends on the forbidden band width, while the long-wave limit depends on phonon absorption, that is, lattice vibration absorption. The frequency T of the lattice vibration is related to the absorption long-wave limit, that is, the lower the vibration frequency T, the larger the long-wave limit. For the diamond structure crystal material, there is a strong primary lattice vibration harmonic in the infrared band, and the sub-harmonic absorption is weaker. Therefore, the diamond structure crystal has better transmittance and wider frequency band characteristics.

For crystalline materials, if magazines and defects (pores, etc.) are not considered, theoretically speaking, most single crystal materials and polycrystalline materials have almost the same infrared transparency properties. Therefore, polycrystalline preparation technology, especially polycrystalline hot pressing, PVD, CVD preparation technology has been developed by leaps and bounds. Since the performance of polycrystalline is consistent with that of single crystal, there is no solution. Its mechanical strength, thermal shock resistance, economic efficiency, etc., can be large in size due to single crystal, which has replaced single crystal materials in some fields.

For glass and plastic, the projection waveband and transmittance are related to the structure of atoms and molecules, but due to the long-range disorder of the structure, the correspondence between the absorption limits of short and long waves and the band gap and phonon absorption is relatively fuzzy. The application and research of glass and plastics is an active field in recent years.

Infrared materials have developed into a huge family today, whose technologies are complex, diverse, and dizzying.

Crystal material is the earliest type of infrared optical material used by people, and it is also the main optical material currently used. Crystal materials include ionic crystals and semiconductor crystals. Ionic crystals include alkali halogenated compound crystals, alkaline earth, halogenated compound crystals and oxides, and certain inorganic salt crystals. Semiconductor crystals include o-group nitrogen element crystals, o-group compounds, and o-group compound crystals. Ionic crystals usually have higher transmittance and lower refractive index, so the reflection loss is small. Generally, no antireflection coating is required. At the same time, the optical performance of ionic crystals is less affected by temperature than non-ionic crystals. Semiconductor crystals are valence crystals or ionic coupling crystals with valence bonds. The characteristic of the crystal is the diversity of its physical and chemical properties.

The variation range of the refractive index and dispersion of the crystal is much richer than that of other types of materials. It can meet the needs of different applications. Some crystals also have the effects of optical technology, magneto-optical, acousto-optic and other effects. Can be used as a detector material.

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